🏵️🏵️🏵️ Thank you, David, for your thought-provoking article on atheism and its foundation in mathematical impossibility. Your insights resonate with many philosophical discussions on belief and existence.

In Islam, we find a similar approach when considering the existence of a Creator. The concept of Tawhid, or the oneness of God, emphasizes that the universe operates under a divine order that cannot be explained purely by chance or mathematical equations alone. Just as you argued that atheism lies in a mathematical improbability, Islamic teachings affirm that the intricate design of the universe points towards an intentional Creator.

The Qur’an beautifully illustrates this with the verse: “Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and the alternation of the night and the day are signs for those of understanding.” (Qur'an 3:190). This verse invites believers to reflect on the world around them as evidence of divine wisdom.

Moreover, the Qur'an reminds us that “And if you were to ask them who created the heavens and the earth, they would surely say, ‘They were created by the Exalted in Might, the Knowing.’” (Qur'an 43:9). This acknowledgment is a testament to the deep-seated understanding of a higher power within human nature itself.

Engaging with these concepts, I would encourage you, David, to explore the parallels between your mathematical arguments and the philosophical dimensions of Islamic theology. Is it possible that the improbabilities you discuss can be reconciled with a theistic view of the universe?

With all due respect, I invite you David, to continue this dialogue, as understanding different perspectives can enrich our search for truth.

Warm regards,

Mohamed, Ph.D